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  • Naw, not even!

    โ† Previous (Things that should be) | Table of Contents | Next (Showing Signs) โ†’



    Expressing the minimum expectation

    In this section, we'll learn various ways to express the minimum expectation. This grammar is not used as often as you might think as there are many situations where a simpler expression would sound more natural, but you should still become familiar with it.

    Using ใ€Œ๏ผˆใง๏ผ‰ใ•ใˆใ€ to describe the minimum requirement

    In English, we might say, "not even close" to show that not even the minimum expectation has been met. In Japanese, we can express this by attaching ใ€Œใ•ใˆใ€ to the object or verb that miserably failed to reach what one would consider as a given. Let's see some examples of this with nouns first. You can also use the same grammar in a positive sentence to show that that is all you need to produce a desired effect.

    Examples

    ๏ผˆ๏ผ‘๏ผ‰ใ€€ๅฎฟ้กŒใŒๅคšใ™ใŽใฆใ€ใƒˆใ‚คใƒฌใซ่กŒใๆ™‚้–“ใ•ใˆใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
    - There was so much homework, I didn't even have time to go to the bathroom.

    ๏ผˆ๏ผ’๏ผ‰ใ€€ใŠ้‡‘ใ•ใˆใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ไฝ•ใงใ‚‚ๅ‡บๆฅใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ€‚
    - The least you need is money and you can do anything.

    ๏ผˆ๏ผ“๏ผ‰ใ€€ใŠๅผๅฝ“ใ‚’่ฒทใ†ใŠ้‡‘ใ•ใˆใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
    - I didn't even have money to buy lunch.

    For nouns only, you can add ใ€Œใงใ€ and use ใ€Œใงใ•ใˆใ€ instead of just ใ€Œใ•ใˆใ€. There are no grammatical differences but it does sound a bit more emphatic.

    ๏ผˆ๏ผ”๏ผ‰ใ€€็งใงใ•ใˆๅ‡บๆฅใ‚Œใฐใ€ใ‚ใ‚“ใŸใซใฏๆฅฝใกใ‚“ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
    - If even I can do it, it should be a breeze for you.

    You can also attach ใ€Œใ•ใˆใ€ to the stem of verbs to express a minimum action for a result. This is usually followed up immediately by ใ€Œใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ to show that the minimum action was done (or not done in the case of negative).

    ๏ผˆ๏ผ•๏ผ‰ใ€€ใƒ“ใ‚ฟใƒŸใƒณใ‚’้ฃŸในใ•ใˆใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€ๅฅๅบทใŒไฟ่จผใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚
    - If you just eat vitamins, your health will be guaranteed.

    ๏ผˆ๏ผ–๏ผ‰ใ€€่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ้Žใกใ‚’่ชใ‚ใ•ใˆใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€ๅ•้กŒใฏ่งฃๆฑบใ—ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ€‚
    - The problem won't be solved if you don't even recognize your own mistake, you know.

    Using ใ€Œ๏ผˆใง๏ผ‰ใ•ใˆใ€ to describe the minimum requirement
    • For nouns, attach ใ€Œใ•ใˆใ€ or ใ€Œใงใ•ใˆใ€ to the minimum requirement
    • ไพ‹๏ผ‰ใ€€็งใ•ใˆ - even me
    • ไพ‹๏ผ‰ใ€€ๅญไพ›ใงใ•ใˆ - even children
    • For verbs, change the verb to the stem and attach ใ€Œใ•ใˆใ€
    • ไพ‹๏ผ‰ใ€€้ฃŸในใ‚‹ โ†’ ้ฃŸในใ•ใˆ
    • ไพ‹๏ผ‰ใ€€่กŒใ โ†’ ่กŒใ โ†’ ่กŒใใ•ใˆ

    ใ€Œ๏ผˆใง๏ผ‰ใ™ใ‚‰ใ€ - Same as ใ€Œ๏ผˆใง๏ผ‰ใ•ใˆใ€ but different?

    ใ€Œ๏ผˆใง๏ผ‰ใ™ใ‚‰ใ€ is a variation of ใ€Œ๏ผˆใง๏ผ‰ใ•ใˆใ€ that means essentially the same thing and is used in the exact same way. However, it is more obscure and is usually ignored in favor of ใ€Œ๏ผˆใง๏ผ‰ใ•ใˆใ€. The main reason we are covering it here is because since it's the same as ใ€Œ๏ผˆใง๏ผ‰ใ•ใˆใ€, it's a cinch to go over. Plus, it's covered in the Japanese Language Proficiency Test (JLPT) level 1 (if you're thinking of taking that).

    Examples

    ๏ผˆ๏ผ‘๏ผ‰ใ€€ใ“ใฎๅคฉๆ‰ใฎ็งใงใ™ใ‚‰ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
    - Even a genius such as myself couldn't solve it.

    ๏ผˆ๏ผ’๏ผ‰ใ€€็งใฏ็ทŠๅผตใ—ใ™ใŽใฆใ€ใกใ‚‰ใฃใจ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ™ใ‚‰ๅ‡บๆฅใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
    - I was so nervous that I couldn't even take a quick peek.

    ๏ผˆ๏ผ“๏ผ‰ใ€€ใ€Œไบบใ€ใฎๆผขๅญ—ใ™ใ‚‰็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ„็”Ÿๅพ’ใฏใ€ใ„ใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡๏ผ
    - There are no students that don't even know the ใ€Œไบบใ€ kanji!

    ใ€Œ๏ผˆใง๏ผ‰ใ™ใ‚‰ใ€ is used in exactly the same way as ใ€Œ๏ผˆใง๏ผ‰ใ•ใˆใ€ and means the same thing to boot
    • For nouns, attach ใ€Œใ™ใ‚‰ใ€ or ใ€Œใงใ™ใ‚‰ใ€ to the minimum requirement
    • ไพ‹๏ผ‰ใ€€็งใ™ใ‚‰ - Even me
    • ไพ‹๏ผ‰ใ€€ๅญไพ›ใงใ™ใ‚‰ - Even children
    • For verbs, change the verb to the stem and attach ใ€Œใ•ใˆใ€
    • ไพ‹๏ผ‰ใ€€้ฃŸในใ‚‹ โ†’ ้ฃŸในใ™ใ‚‰
    • ไพ‹๏ผ‰ใ€€่กŒใ โ†’ ่กŒใ โ†’ ่กŒใใ™ใ‚‰
    • However, it is more common to attach the generic noun ใ€Œใ“ใจใ€ to the verb and just treat the whole thing as a regular noun. ๏ผˆie ้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ™ใ‚‰ and ่กŒใใ“ใจใ™ใ‚‰๏ผ‰

    ใ€ŒใŠใ‚ใ‹ใ€ - It's not even worth considering

    I suspect this grammar comes from the adjective ใ€Œๆ„šใ‹ใ€ which means to be foolish or stupid. However, in this case, you're not making fun of something, rather by using ใ€ŒใŠใ‚ใ‹ใ€, you can indicate that something is so ridiculous that it's not even worth considering. In English, we might say something like, "Are you kidding? I can't touch my knees much less do a full split!" In this example, the full split is so beyond the person's abilities that it would be foolish to even consider it.

    Examples

    ๏ผˆ๏ผ‘๏ผ‰ใ€€ๆผขๅญ—ใฏใŠใ‚ใ‹ใ€ใฒใ‚‰ใŒใชใ•ใˆ่ชญใ‚ใชใ„ใ‚ˆ๏ผ
    - Forget about kanji, I can't even read hiragana!

    ๏ผˆ๏ผ’๏ผ‰ใ€€็ตๅฉšใฏใŠใ‚ใ‹ใ€2ใƒถๆœˆไป˜ใๅˆใฃใฆใ€็ตๅฑ€ๅˆฅใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใฃใŸใ€‚
    - We eventually broke up after going out two months much less get married.

    ๏ผˆ๏ผ“๏ผ‰ใ€€ๅคงๅญฆใฏใŠใ‚ใ‹ใ€้ซ˜ๆ กใ™ใ‚‰ๅ’ๆฅญใ—ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
    - I didn't even graduate from high school much less college.


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