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Some other stuff
Other GrammarOh my goodness, we've come at last to the end of the guide! Hopefully, you've managed to get a good grasp of how grammar works in Japanese and how to use them to communicate your thoughts in the Japanese way. In this final section, we'll be covering some left-over grammar that I couldn't fit into a larger category. Don't worry, this won't be the absolute end as there will be an additional miscellaneous section that will contain all sorts of useful information about other various aspects of the language.Using 「思いきや」 to describe something unexpectedThis is a grammar I learned out of a book and was surprised to actually hear it used in real life on a number of occasions. You use this grammar when you think one thing, but much to your astonishment, things actually turn out to be very different. You use it in the same way as you would express any thoughts, by using the quotation 「と」 and 「思う」. The only difference is that you use 「思いきや」 instead of 「思う」. There is no tense in 「思いきや」, or rather, since the results have already went against your expectations, the original thought is implicitly understood to be past tense.
Using 「思いきや」 to describe something unforeseen or unexpected
Examples
（１） 昼間だから絶対込んでいると思いきや、一人もいなかった。
（２） このレストランは安いと思いきや、会計は5千円以上だった！
Using 「～がてら」 to do two things at one timeThis rather formal and seldom-used grammar is used to indicate that two actions were done at the same time. The nuance is a bit difference from 「ながら」 in that some or all of the time spent on doing one action was also used to do another action as an aside. Remember, 「ながら」 is used to describe two exactly concurrent actions.The interesting thing about this grammar is that no verb is required. You can just attach it a noun, and the verb "to do" is inferred. For instance, "while taking a stroll" can simply be expressed as 「散歩がてら」. In the case where you want to employ a different verb, you also have the option of attaching 「がてら」 to the stem similar to the 「ながら」 usage. In addition, the verb or noun that is accompanied by 「がてら」 is the main action while the following action is the one done on the side. Refer to this site to see more examples and details about this grammar.
Using 「～がてら」 to do two things at one time
Examples
（１） 散歩がてら、タバコを買いに行きました。
（２） 博物館を見がてらに、お土産を買うつもりです。
Using 「～あげく（挙句）」 to describe a bad result「あげく」 is a grammar used to describe a result, usually negative, that came about after a great deal of effort. The rule for this grammar is very simple. You modify the verb or noun that was carried out with 「あげく」 and then describe the final result that came about from that verb or noun. Because this grammar is used to describe a result from an action already completed, it is used with the past tense of the verb. 「あげく」 is essentially treated the same as any noun. In other words, you would need the 「の」 particle to modify another noun.「あげくの果て」 is another stronger version of this grammar. Refer to this site to see more examples and details about this grammar.
Using 「～あげく」 to describe a final result
ExamplesThe brackets show what is being implied by the grammar.
（１） 事情を2時間かけて説明をしたあげく、納得してもらえなかった。
（２） 先生と相談のあげく、退学することにした。
 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons License. Copyright © 2003-2007 Tae Kim (taekim.japanese AT gmail.com)
This page has last been revised on 2005/7/12 |
